Psychologist salary: $99,110 median, $107,410 mean, and how to start your career
The median annual salary for psychologists in the U.S. is $99,110, with a mean wage of $107,410 — roughly $48 per hour. The bottom 10% earn $59,080 or less, while the top 10% bring in $163,380 or more. These figures come from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' May 2023 OEWS survey, covering 159,540 psychologists nationwide.
How much Psychologists earn
A psychologist's pay varies widely by specialization and setting. Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists — the largest group — earn a median of $99,110, but industrial-organizational psychologists often make more, with a mean wage around $147,420. The lowest-paid psychologists work in individual and family services (median $80,050), while those in government earn a median $114,380.
The highest-paying industries are scientific research and development (mean $143,700) and elementary/secondary schools ($109,370). Location also matters significantly, as state pay can vary by over $30,000.
Pay by state
While specific state data isn't available from the BLS OEWS for psychologists as a group, Oregon, California, and New Jersey consistently rank among the highest-paying states for clinical and counseling psychologists, with mean wages exceeding $120,000. Lower-paying states like Florida, Texas, and Mississippi typically fall below a $90,000 mean. For the most accurate state-by-state figures, consult the BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics database.
How to become Psychologist
Becoming a psychologist requires a graduate degree and state licensure. The path varies by specialty, but here are the typical steps:
- Earn a bachelor's degree in psychology or a related field (often a prerequisite for grad school).
- Complete a master's or doctorate (Ph.D. or Psy.D.) in psychology — most clinical, counseling, and research roles require a doctoral degree. Programs take 5–7 years on average.
- Accumulate supervised clinical experience (1–2 years of internship/postdoc).
- Pass the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP) and meet state-specific licensing requirements.
- Some states require continuing education to renew licensure.
Job outlook
Projected growth data for 2024–2034 is not yet available from the BLS. However, psychologist employment is generally expected to grow faster than average due to increased demand for mental health services in schools, hospitals, and private practice. If history holds, the field will add new positions steadily over the next decade.
Frequently asked questions
What is the starting salary for a new psychologist?
Entry-level psychologists typically earn around the 10th percentile, which is $59,080 or less. Those with a master's degree and in lower-cost areas may start lower; those with a doctorate in high-demand settings can earn $70,000+.
How much do psychologists make per hour?
The BLS mean hourly wage is $48, based on a $107,410 mean annual salary. This varies: top earners can make $78+ per hour, while others earn under $28.
What state pays psychologists the most?
While not in the OEWS data for this occupation, historically Oregon, California, and New Jersey have the highest mean wages for clinical and counseling psychologists, often above $120,000. Check the BLS for current figures.
Do psychologists need a license?
Yes. All states require psychologists to be licensed to practice independently. Requirements include a doctoral degree (usually), supervised experience, and passing the EPPP.
Salary figures are U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates (OEWS / Employment Projections). For informational purposes only; not career or financial advice. See the full Psychologists data.