Nuclear Engineer Salary Guide 2025: $133,970 Median, Slow Decline Ahead
Nuclear engineers earn a median salary of $133,970 per year (mean $140,420, about $64/hour), according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' May 2024 estimates. The typical range spans from $92,960 at the 10th percentile to $196,290 at the 90th, making it one of the highest-paid engineering disciplines. But pay varies widely by location and sector, and the field is projected to shrink slightly over the next decade.
How much Nuclear Engineers earn
The median annual wage for nuclear engineers is $133,970. The mean wage is $140,420, reflecting that higher earners pull the average up. On an hourly basis, that's about $64 per hour. Top earners (90th percentile) make $196,290, while those just starting (10th percentile) earn $92,960.
- National median: $133,970
- Mean salary: $140,420 ($64/hour)
- 10th percentile: $92,960
- 90th percentile: $196,290
Pay by state
Where you work dramatically affects your paycheck. District of Columbia pays the highest average at $195,190, followed by California ($172,400), New Mexico ($164,300), Maryland ($157,960), and Massachusetts ($145,760). On the lower end, Texas averages $128,340, South Carolina $126,570, and Maine $123,780.
How to become Nuclear Engineer
The standard path is a bachelor's degree in nuclear engineering or a closely related engineering field from an ABET-accredited program. Coursework covers thermodynamics, reactor physics, radiation detection, and nuclear materials. After graduation, aspiring engineers typically take the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam to become an engineer in training (EIT). After four years of relevant work experience, they can take the Principles and Practice of Engineering (PE) exam for professional licensure. Many nuclear engineers also need to pass background checks and obtain security clearances. Entry-level jobs often go to those with internships or co-op experience.
- Earn a bachelor's degree in nuclear engineering or related field
- Pass the FE exam to become an EIT
- Gain 4 years of work experience under a licensed PE
- Take the PE exam for full licensure (required for senior roles and consulting)
- Obtain security clearance for work at nuclear facilities or government sites
Job outlook
Employment of nuclear engineers is projected to decline by 1.1% from 2024 to 2034, according to the BLS. That's a loss of about 170 jobs over the decade, though total employment is still around 15,280. Despite the decline, about 800 openings per year are expected as workers retire or transfer. The outlook is best in government research, defense, and areas with aging nuclear infrastructure needing maintenance and decommissioning.
Frequently asked questions
Is nuclear engineering a good career in 2025?
Yes, if you're comfortable with a stable, high-paying but shrinking field. The $133,970 median is excellent, but competition for openings may increase due to -1.1% growth.
What city pays nuclear engineers the most?
BLS data doesn't break down to city level for this occupation, but state-level data show the District of Columbia ($195,190), California ($172,400), and New Mexico ($164,300) are top.
How long does it take to become a nuclear engineer?
A bachelor's degree takes 4 years. Add 4 years of experience plus PE licensing if needed, so about 8 years from starting college to full professional status.
What is the job growth for nuclear engineers?
The BLS projects a -1.1% decline from 2024 to 2034, meaning slight job loss. However, about 800 openings per year will come from retirements and turnover.
Salary figures are U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates (OEWS / Employment Projections). For informational purposes only; not career or financial advice. See the full Nuclear Engineers data.