Medical Scientists earn $102,990 median salary in 2025 — what you need to know
The median salary for a Medical Scientist in the United States is $102,990 per year, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The top 10% earn more than $176,680, while those at the entry level make around $64,760. With 184,430 jobs nationwide, this is a specialized career that demands advanced education but offers strong pay.
How much Medical Scientists earn
The national average salary for Medical Scientists is $115,600 per year, or roughly $50 per hour. Half of all workers earn between $64,760 (10th percentile) and $176,680 (90th percentile).
Pay varies by experience, employer type, and location. Those working in research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences industries tend to earn higher wages. Hospitals and colleges often pay less but may offer better work-life balance.
The BLS data reflects 2023 estimates and is updated periodically.
- Median salary: $102,990
- Mean salary: $115,600
- Hourly mean: $50.00
- 10th percentile: $64,760
- 90th percentile: $176,680
Pay by state
BLS state-level data for Medical Scientists is not available for the current release. In general, states with strong biotech hubs — such as Massachusetts, California, and Maryland — tend to pay above the national median. Lower costs of living in southern and midwestern states typically mean lower wages, though state-level figures are not provided here.
How to become Medical Scientist
Most Medical Scientists hold a Ph.D. in a biological science, though some with a medical degree (M.D.) also work in the field. A master's degree may be acceptable for certain research assistant roles, but independent research typically requires a doctorate.
Typical coursework includes biology, chemistry, statistics, and research methods. Ph.D. programs usually take 5–6 years and involve a dissertation based on original research. Postdoctoral training of 2–4 years is common for those pursuing academic or high-level industry positions.
Licensing is not typically required, but medical scientists who work with patients or clinical trials may need state licensure. Certification from organizations like the American Society for Clinical Pathology is voluntary but can improve job prospects.
- Earn a Ph.D. in a biological science (or an M.D.)
- Complete 5–6 years of doctoral study including a dissertation
- Consider 2–4 years of postdoctoral research
- Obtain optional certification for clinical roles
- Gain experience through internships or assistantships
Job outlook
The BLS does not provide a specific growth projection for Medical Scientists from 2024 to 2034. However, the broader category of life scientists is expected to grow faster than average due to continued investment in biomedical research, drug development, and public health. Competition for research funding and academic positions can be intense, especially for tenure-track roles.
Frequently asked questions
What is the median salary for a Medical Scientist?
The median salary for a Medical Scientist is $102,990 per year, according to the BLS. The mean salary is $115,600.
How much do Medical Scientists make per hour?
The mean hourly wage is $50.00. Earnings range from about $64,760 at the 10th percentile to $176,680 at the 90th percentile.
What degree do you need to be a Medical Scientist?
Most Medical Scientists have a Ph.D. in a biological science. Some hold an M.D. A master's degree may qualify for some assistant roles.
Is there a high demand for Medical Scientists?
The BLS projects strong demand for life scientists overall, but specific growth for Medical Scientists is not published. Competition for research positions is moderate to high.
Do Medical Scientists need a license?
Typically no license is required. Those involved in clinical work may need state licensure. Voluntary certification can help.
Salary figures are U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates (OEWS / Employment Projections). For informational purposes only; not career or financial advice. See the full Medical Scientists data.